In its most common meaning, the deductible is an amount of money that remains the responsibility of the insured in case of disaster or when the responsible person is not identified. This allowance is intended to:

The driver-responsibility by sharing the risk,

-Limit "small" claims, which are comparatively more expensive in terms of administrative costs,

-Allow the company to propose lower prices.

Namely: the deductible does not apply to third party victims, who are always fully reimbursed.

Application of the exemptions

Regarding auto insurance, there are also:

-Deductible mileage. It is home to a distance beyond which the automobile assistance benefits do not fire. For example, if the deductible mileage is 50 miles, the tow vehicle crashed 20 km from the residence of the insured will not be supported.

-The deductible on work incapacity or disability: it is the number of days of disability or a disability rate below which the personal guarantee of the driver does not play (eg, 10 days of disability or 5% disability).

Relief may take two forms. The franchise deductible amount is simply called a threshold. In this context, the insurer does not support the claim that if the amount exceeds the amount of the deductible. If he supports it, it's totally and no money is left in charge of the insured. For example, if the contract provides for a deductible of € 300, a loss of € 250 will not be supported, but a loss of € 500 will be fully reimbursed to the insured payday loans.

The corresponding absolute frankness about it in the most common case. This amount is borne by the insured in any case. Thus, if the deductible is € 300, a loss of € 700 will be repaid only € 400 to the insured.

Excess amounts

Some franchises are set by ministerial decree and therefore required all insurance companies. This is particularly the case of natural disaster deductible amount of € 380. In contrast, other franchises are freely set by the insurers.

Limit or eliminate the deductibles of an insurance contract is to actually buy them. Therefore, contributions and increase the gap between premium contract with deductible or no deductible up to 30%. The insured can choose its franchises in particular according to their driving habits.

Note: Franchise may be different from a guarantee to another. For example, in the same contract, the franchise glass breakage can be 250 €, but that of flight-fire guarantee of 750 €.

Thus, an insured person who never lends his vehicle can save money on their insurance premiums by choosing a franchise "ready to drive" high. Conversely, parents of a young driver may have an interest in buying the franchise "novice driver" time of his apprenticeship.

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It was to be expected. The Antwerp designer Raf Simons, arrived in February of his mission as artistic director at Jil Sander (where he handled collections for men and women since July 2005) has been appointed to head the creation of women's fashion at Dior. He was the last of the favorites in the long list of names mentioned as a possible buyer of the vacancy created by John Galliano since March 2011. Among the successors whose names have circulated even figured that of Marc Jacobs, current artistic director of Louis Vuitton or that of Riccardo Tisci in the same position at Givenchy, besides that of Nicolas Ghesquière at the helm of Balenciaga.  

But all hopes seemed to collapse when Raf Simons thanked Jil Sander left Italy without any announcement effect from Dior while Yves Saint Laurent terminated the contract of Stefano Pilati before confirming the Hedi Slimane's appointment as artistic director. By a rebound effect, the world of fashion has waited in vain for an immediate appointment at Dior at the same time. It has not happened. By a curious reverberation, Raf Simons Avenue Montaigne now occupy a position comparable to that of Hedi Slimane at YSL. The irony is that Slimane, asking the jurisprudence of the style of Dior Homme from 2000 to 2006, has often been compared – compared to nuance, to rightly or wrongly – in the style posed by Raf Simons in his own eponymous label. Then the divergent paths of both the affirmation of the growing aesthetic Slimane at Dior Homme and mission of Raf Simons Jil Sander have diluted this antagonism.

Jil Sander's latest collection (Fall-Winter 2012) signed Raf Simons presented in Milan last February was a real tribute to a new New Look of Dior. What whet fans' expectations of Dior and YSL, the ambitions of the two groups (LVMH Dior, YSL PPR), what – if any were needed – to stimulate the two creators. In short, good news in short, not to mention the talent of the men themselves, critical talent, talent by which everything begins and ends.

The call of the employees of ArcelorMittal Florange seems to have been heard. Moving in Aytré, in Charente-Maritime, Nicolas Sarkozy has defended Site metallurgy currently stopped. "I do not want Florange die. Of course there is the crisis, less demand for steel, but we will make sure Florange reopens. " The Head of State said that he spoke this morning with leaders of ArcelorMittal. "We will have the opportunity to speak," he added.

Florange employees, who have promised to become the "nightmare" of the government in its presidential campaign around the "Made in France", began on Monday to put their threat into execution. Responding to the call of an Inter CFDT, CGT, FO and CFE-CGC, 100 to 200 metalworkers occupied the offices of the factory management, including the closure will be extended in the second quarter.

Now, "the direction is laid off. We will remain in these offices as the blast furnaces of the plant will not restart "hammered Edward Martin, representative of the CFDT. That "candidates" for president "who claim to love plants undertake to ensure the survival of the site," he said, promising "at least one action a week until May 6." "The state has saved the Lejaby. It must intervene for us, "added Walter Broccoli, head FO.

"Management made us realize that, barring a miracle, this closure would last all year," says Edward Martin. ArcelorMittal, which has recently decided to finalize its steel plant in Liege (Belgium) and an "indefinite" that of Madrid, Lorraine ensures that the closure is only temporary, as the group has stated Eric Besson, Minister of Industry, last week fast cash advance.

The tool breaks down

But unions fear that the closure becomes final. A number of clues in this direction. "A blast furnace is designed to run continuously, otherwise it deteriorates," said an industry expert.

At Florange, investment maintenance of two blast furnaces, closed since June and October, have been reduced. "There is nothing for a month and a half" notes François Pagano, CFE-CGC delegate. Result, "the cold, some pipes broke," laments Edward Martin. Moreover, "the founders began to be reclassified in the group. Leaders do not take it otherwise if they had close Florange, "he says.

The recovery of orders was not considered sufficient to restart the plant. "Shipments are now much better than the fourth quarter of 2011, but we are still far volumes 2006, 2007 and 2008," said Aditya Mittal, chief financial officer, during the presentation of group results, taking as excellent year comparison.  

Closing Florange would be consistent with the group's strategy to focus on very large production units in coastline at Dunkirk and Fos-sur-mer, or Bremen, Germany.

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Consumer organizations, urging Apple to improve working conditions in factories of its suppliers in China, now expect concrete results. Monday, they have reacted cautiously to the new measures announced by Tim Cook, CEO of the IT group to ensure that the workers who assemble the iPhone and the iPad have "right to a fair and safe working."

Commitments from Apple are apparently substantial. The California company, faced with a motion of no confidence and unprecedented protests last week in front of its stores in New York, London or Sydney, decided to open factories subcontractors to experts of the Fair Labor Association (FLA), an international human rights workers, responsible for an audit within a month.

To do this, the FLA will query "thousands of employees on their lives and work, including health, safety, remuneration, hours of work and communication with management," explains Apple in a statement. And the inspectors will "examine workplaces, dormitories and other facilities," including the giant factories of Taiwanese Foxconn, and review documents detailing the work processes of plants.

A debate on the independence of the FLA

Asked by Wired magazine, responsible for organizing a Change.org, who co-organizing the protests last week outside the Apple Store, says she does not expect a quick response if the face of Apple this controversy. "It is particularly exciting that these audits are transparent and public," says Sarah Ryan, whose site receives a petition signed by over 200,000 users, where Apple is invited to design more "ethical".

The choice of the organization responsible for conducting these audits is however debate among critics of Apple. The FLA includes universities, NGOs, but also manufacturers, mainly in the apparel sector, who fund and pose a suspicion of bias on its work. "The FLA is not deemed to conduct effective investigations", asserts the executive director of SumOFUs, accompanying Change.org in the mobilization against the IT group.

Since its inception in 1999, the FLA has inspected more than 1,300 factories in Asia and Latin America, including 190 last year, up 4% of sites used by its members. The New York Times, the president highlights his success against the employment of minors, poor sanitary conditions or employment discrimination. A spokesman for Nike finds that the organization has played a "very important" in building better working conditions.

Contracts suspended for violations

The results of audits of the FLA have anyway no coercive force. The effect of inspections will depend on the actions taken by Apple, which already conducts controls on its side. Last year, the company has completed 229 audits of its contractors, 80% more than in 2010 (see pdf). Such investigations have identified six cases of child labor, 93 factories where more than half of workers worked more than 60 hours per week and 112 sites where chemicals were not handled in suitable conditions. A dozen contracts with suppliers that violated its code of ethics, have been suspended.

These efforts have so far not been sufficient to turn off the criticism. In a lengthy investigation which has revived the controversy in January, the New York Times described a pressing suppliers to "save money" by "replacing the costly chemicals by cheap alternatives, or pushing their employees to work faster and longer. " In early 2011, four workers died of Foxconn in the explosion of a building, due to an accumulation of aluminum dust.

Yet Apple seems eager to resolve this issue. "This is the biggest challenge faced by [the company] today," said Tuesday the blogger John Gruber, a connoisseur of the brand. For now, his image does not appear to suffer. In the U.S., last year Apple had the best reputation among large companies, ahead of Google, Coca-Cola, Kraft Foods and Amazon, according to an annual survey of 17,000 Americans by Harris Interactive.

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The tax is also debate. Political issue, it will be based on the outcome of presidential elections next year. But whatever the future tenant of the Elysee, the necessary fiscal consolidation will make more bitter potion tax in France and elsewhere. This fall, several large employers, Maurice Levy (Publicis) to head, seized of the matter, declaring themselves willing to pay more, in the wake of U.S. financial guru Warren Buffet.Went to war for the tax to China with Bill Gates, the investors have called "the sage of Omaha" and admits that pay less tax proportionately than his secretary did not meet with success expected in the Middle Kingdom.

Tax loopholes less generous

In some banks, asset management, however, we feel that the climate is changing. Faced with the country's debt, attitudes are changing. "Taxes will go up, most of our customers are aware of, said Philippe Vayssettes, the president of the bank Neuflize OBC. The crisis has raised awareness to wealthy clients need to solve the problem of public finances, and his reactions to the tax increases are less epidermal few years ago.Many say they would pay more taxes, but only if the load is evenly distributed and that addresses the spending. "

France, in recent years sought to rebalance the tax burden on labor and the heritage. And tax loopholes were made less generous. Yet the French are addicted to the means to reduce their taxes. "Everyone is struggling to pay less tax, but push the system too far is destructive of social cohesion," says Mathilde Lemoine, director of economic research and market strategy of HSBC France. Investors rushed last year on investment in rental real estate law Scellier, which allowed them (for investments made in 2010) to obtain a tax reduction equal to 25% of their implementation, a limit of 300,000 euros.This year, the percentage of tax reduction increased to 22% for purchases in buildings BBC (low power) and uncertainty hovered for months about the future of the device. Result, the French have been slow to invest. The ax has fallen at the presentation of the Finance Act 2012: tax reduction Scellier expected to increase to 18% next year. Individuals tempted by a real estate transaction in the nine have a vested interest to act quickly if they want the rate of 22%, although an amendment could, if adopted, to take into account the sales agreement and not just the final act signed before the end of the year.Better yet avoid precipitation because tax savings does not always mean good business.

Before embarking on an operation of tax exemption must make an effort not to be blinded by the tax sirens and see the economic benefit of investment no faxing payday loans. And its output. With these precautions taken, why not kill two birds with one stone? Build wealth, comfort and reduce the income tax it will pay next year. For this, we need to invest before the end of the year. The tax paid in 2012 will focus on the income received this year. So it also charges, expenses and investments made in 2011 that will reduce the tax liability next year.

Individuals familiar with the outline of the 2012 budget, a few caveats about. We must also wait for the vote of the National Assembly and Senate to get the specific details of the measurements.On some points, arrangements are already being considered. The slowdown in growth means fewer tax revenues, will require to find recipes. The tax may be more severe in the coming years and levers to reduce fewer. One more reason to enjoy the levers that exist today.

Avoid the pitfalls of tax exemption

But the string of investments and existing mechanisms, it is often difficult to find your way. The folder you now offers Le Figaro Magazine, with the teams of the Particular (group Figaro), is designed to help you reduce the tax burden without falling into the pitfalls of tax exemption.So we sifted through real estate investments, financial products, including FIP, the FCIC and Sofica and investment overseas and work to achieve in its housing, which can afford to pay less tax next year, whether the income tax or, in some cases (direct investment in SMEs, gifts, etc..), the ISF. And to reduce taxation intelligently, we give you other ways to reduce the tax burden, such as investing in the forest or going into debt. Have a ball. –

Limit spending to curb the increase in taxes

We too often forget: you pay taxes to finance public spending. One way to limit the tax increase is to reduce them. It will do so, and ask what the costs really useful, "said Mathilde Lemoine.In a report last July, the Economic Analysis Council considers necessary and tax reform advocates an overhaul of the system of tax loopholes. To restore confidence in the fairness of our tax system, he advises to "better link the tax to ability to pay."But he warned: "To encourage investment guess you do not make the mistake in the name of the simplification of our tax system, a confiscatory taxation of capital income." Fiscal policy is a delicate, because ultimately, too many taxes kill taxes.

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This new performance-cons is also explained by the deterioration in sales in its hypermarkets in France, which account for over half of the turnover of the group. They had their billing drop 4.4% on a comparable basis and excluding petrol.Sales of food hypermarkets fell 2.6% on a comparable and those of non-food products fell by 9.6%. The group explained that it was the "first impact of its action plan," including fewer promotions.

Supermarket sales were down 0.2%, only reaching convenience formats to take their game with an increase of 4.3%.

Wrong signals in China

Lars Olofsson believes in particular that the economic downturn affects the "discretionary" spending, that is to say non-food consumer. Over the same period, however, Casino succeeded in limiting the decline in sales of its hypermarkets to 1.2%.These justifications therefore disappoint analysts: "We believe now that there is a risk to our forecast 2012 to be undermined," explain and those of RBS, still evoke a "low profile" and say to anticipate a decline of 17 % of 2011 operating income for the group.

The outlook is more pessimistic than the other markets of the distributor are also showing signs of slowing. In Western Europe, the trend remained negative with a decrease of 2.2% on a comparable basis. Most significant, China saw its sales fall by 2.1%. Carrefour said the downturn by "increasing pressure on consumption which impacts particularly on non-food sales." Only Latin America stays the course with revenues up 7.4% on a comparable basis.

At the Paris Bourse, the title of Carrefour unscrews 3.41% to 17.30 euros in a market up 0.31% to 9.30.

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This is a revolution in shopping habits. "We have completely changed the profile of the truck, said Christophe Rebours, founder of In process design agency that designed the new truck, manufactured by German Wanzl. It was necessary to facilitate purchases and allow customers to better organize their shopping in stores. We bet on the flexibility of use thanks to the bags and different spaces that can accommodate the volume of races. "Notches on the side let slip a broom, for example. Downstairs, the buyer may ask the TV screen or drink without having to break the back by lifting them above the truck … Customers will come with their bags (or those of its competitors Carrefour) or purchase on site ( around 0.60 euro).One in two of the brand are already being used for shopping.

With fixed rear wheels, the new truck that will be offered the choice alongside the old, is more manageable. Lighter, with less metal, it will also make less noise. For young children, being unable to sit inside the truck, they can stick to vertical handles designed for this purpose on each side.

Scanner Procurement

Finally, a shelf was intended to put the shopping list or a loyalty card. "One can imagine eventually having screens or more sophisticated information systems integrated or connected to the trolley smartphone customers," said Philippe Picaud. But new technologies are not absent from the new truck. "Mobi" offers buyers the ability to scan their own bar code their products via technology ScanLib.The buyer, who no longer out of her shopping cart at checkout, the range directly into the closet after returning home. 10% of purchases are ScanLib today at Carrefour.

The observation of teaching was simple. After fifty years of loyal service, the truck needed a serious facelift. Apart from the introduction of plastic in the last five years, he had hardly changed. "We became aware of the expectations and frustrations of users when we worked two years ago on the reinvention of the supermarket, says Philippe Picaud. The truck was old, it was not the object that clients were proud to use to shop in the 1960s, these new temples of consumption. "

Carrefour bets on the mass production of its new truck to absorb the extra cost of manufacturing (10%).The company has filed a patent to protect his invention. When the group is experiencing difficulties, particularly in France (40% of revenues), the arrival of these new trucks is welcome.

In unsheathed before its competitors, Carrefour offers a small facelift.

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The whole problem is whether the profit warning could be the first of a series in the CAC 40. Companies are affected by the stock market crisis of the summer. Order books deflate. At the same time, companies have made great efforts to optimize their costs. A new lower spending takes time. For their part, financial analysts are slow to revise their forecasts.

The companies involved in these kinds of concerns are primarily industrial and cyclical stocks. Eramet had also warned that its prospects were less favorable in the second half. The work of specialist nickel and manganese drop 57% since January 1 cash advances pay day loan.

Despite a more difficult context, ArcelorMittal has maintained its forecast. But investors are very cautious since the title is down 52% since the beginning of the year.

Financial analysts continue to anticipate an increase of about 6% of profits in 2012 for CAC 40 companies. They may be forced to correct the optimistic estimate.

U.S. companies will give indications

Investors could have their questions answered with the wave of quarterly results expected in the United States. open the show on October 11.The specialist for aluminum had anticipated a sharp rise in net profit in 2011. This optimistic forecast could be questioned. Each variation of 100 dollars per tonne of aluminum has an impact of $ 200 million of annual net income. Now, three months, a tonne of aluminum has declined by more than 300 dollars.

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Not only almost all the members of the Board has never published anything on their respective accounts, but even better, Eric Schmidt, Google's executive chairman, has not even seen fit to open an account! Yet he had recognized in June, its social responsibility in the corner of the Web missed by the group of Mountain View. Obviously, if the realization has occurred, it has not seen fit to invest personally in the newly created social network.As for Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin, one would expect them to lead by example. But with a total of twenty-three publications between them at the beginning of October, they do not shine by their reactivity.

The essential personal use leaders

When you know that Google + is considered by its leaders as critical to the future of the company, it is startling how. If Google executives are not even interested in using their own social network, how can they think that people will be tempted to turn?

Like the work of Mark Zuckerberg on his Facebook page or the number of daily tweets Dick Costolo, current CEO of Twitter, the personal use of the leaders of their computer tool is indispensable. A fortiori the case of a new service.It is also the best way to test his tool and consequently, to anticipate possible changes in the future.

As Michael enjoyed in his article, users are perhaps not to expect an extensive use of Google + by its leaders but regular use, if not casual, is a minimum.

The message seems to have been heard by the leadership of the group because in the hours that followed the publication of the article, no less than three vice-presidents have been active on Google +. Even Larry Page made a comeback yesterday in the morning.